The global positioning system (GPS) is almost universally known. The positioning system was initiated by the United States for military purposes in 1973 and opened to the public in 2000. Positioning relying on 24 satellite constellations is part of the daily lives of people who billions of travel, hike and discover themselves. Flirt (fiddle) play (Pokémon Go) in a city and sail in the ocean. GPS has completely changed the way navigation is used: compass or compass, sextant and ephemeris, terrestrial systems (such as Decca or Loran), radio wave transmitters for Gonios or lighthouses in the near future or other more visible Mark: All items on the boarding pass are required, and GPS shows our position, speed, direction and altitude in real time. Awake dream. except.
In addition to the fact that GPS systems are easy to encrypt. A 20,000-foot-tall 20-watt satellite may be submerged by a few watts of simple ground or vehicle-mounted transmitters, which may affect GPS receivers within a radius of tens of kilometers. It will not only interfere with the GPS signal recognized by the receiver and accurately send a signal through the signal loss alarm, but also deceive the receiver to indicate an incorrect position, speed, direction or altitude. If you can imagine, the gap between the importance of GPS in modern life and the vulnerability to possible interference is staggering. The cross-channel traffic between Dover and Calais is heavy, and nearby GPS jammers may cause disaster. GPS signals are also used to synchronize mobile networks, and incorrect signals can destroy the entire part of the communication infrastructure. Is this fear reasonable?
It seems that Todd Humphreys of the University of Texas at Austin has been alerting and has conducted an experiment in which a super-equipped luxury yacht equipped with a gps jammer deviates Heading. On June 22 this year, twenty cruise ships cruising the Black Sea near Novorossiysk on the Russian coast had a similar effect. The GPS of these ships showed a wrong location, 25 nautical miles from their actual location-on the land at Gelendzhik Airport. This incident has been reported to the US Maritime Authority.
Previously, in Russia, the GPS signal exposed by Pokémon Go-Mode was abnormal, and hundreds of players were placed in the center of Moscow and near the Kremlin at Vnukovo Airport, 32 km away. The signs that the Russians are testing the GPS jamming system in the Kremlin may be a defensive measure aimed at obscuring the navigation system against possible missiles at the Russian national headquarters. No wonder the Russians developed this kind of thing for national defense purposes, but nowadays, every experienced craftsman can make GPS jammers, such as controlling self-driving cars. Or drones or existing or future autonomous machines that navigate through GPS. Even large construction machines use GPS to accurately locate themselves. We believe that the military may interfere with large jammers in infrastructure throughout the region.
Everyone’s serious dependence on GPS is well known, and Europe, Russia, China and India are not without reason to be developing their own positioning systems. In Europe, the civil Galileo system must be an alternative to US GPS. It will provide, but if all goes well, it will not be operational by 2020. The principle is the same, there is no reason why Galileo signals cannot be encrypted like GPS. An alternative method is to use an earth-based positioning system with a closer, more powerful transmitter, and its congestion will be more complicated. The Americans developed the military system NGBPS (Non-GPS-based positioning system), which can be used with the same accuracy when there is no GPS signal. Due to the risk of interference, after the Americans decided to terminate the old Loran-C land navigation system, they decided to rebuild a modern version of this network, called eLORAN, which is more accurate and less susceptible to damage. Undoubtedly, others also work there.
When multiple positioning systems are available, the near-term challenge will be the flexibility of navigation and synchronization systems. Recipients who can compare several signals and identify counterfeit products can find their own market. At the same time, before these receivers are affordable to everyone, it is helpful to beware of self-driving cars and have good old maps, compasses, compasses, erasers and pencils. And strongly doubt our GPS screen, especially near important locations.